0:00 What is race? What is a human race?
0:03 Well, broadly, as it's commonly
0:04 understood, it's a grouping of human
0:06 beings. The problem with the term race
0:08 is that it is broad, generic, and
0:10 includes many different fields of
0:13 knowledge and differentiation. A race
0:15 could be defined genetically,
0:16 linguistically, ethnically,
0:18 geographically, or as is especially
0:21 common in America, physically and
0:23 visually by how you look. But if you
0:25 want to be precise, how someone looks
0:27 and how that relates to their genetic
0:28 ancestry and heritage and their
0:30 collective ethnic belonging would not
0:32 fall under the term race. But if you
0:34 study the science of physical
0:35 anthropology would be better called
0:37 phenotype, the technical term for the
0:39 physical expression of our genetic
0:41 ancestry and heritage. Over the years,
0:42 anthropologists have identified many
0:44 hundreds of human phenotypes, but they
0:46 can be grouped together into 38 main
0:48 phenotype categories or races. Each of
0:51 these races possesses [music] distinct
0:53 physical characteristics based mostly on
0:55 their adaptation to a particular
0:57 climate. So today we're going to take a
0:59 look at every race of humans and learn
1:01 their history, identity, and what makes
1:02 them special and unique. Let's start off
1:04 with one of the most iconic and visually
1:06 distinct human races, the Nordic race.
1:09 These people are found mostly in
1:10 northern and western Europe, especially
1:12 Germanic countries. They tend to be tall
1:14 with large long and narrow heads and
1:17 most iconically very pale pigmentation,
1:20 light pale skin, light blonde or red
1:22 hair and light blue or green eyes. The
1:25 reason for this depigmentation is that
1:27 this race has adapted to the cloudy
1:29 climate and long dark winters of
1:31 northern and western Europe. And this
1:33 lack of pigment or melanin helps them to
1:35 better absorb sunlight and create
1:37 vitamin D. If we stay in Northern Europe
1:39 but move eastward, we come to the Baltic
1:42 race which is most common throughout
1:44 Eastern Europe, especially among
1:45 speakers of Slavic, Finnick and Baltic
1:48 languages. Now since they inhabit a
1:50 similarly dark, cold and cloudy area,
1:52 they are also quite pale and depigmented
1:55 like the Nordic type. But unlike the
1:57 Nordic type, they are more especially
1:59 cold adapted. Because while western and
2:01 northern Europe is moderately cold but
2:03 has milder temperatures, warmer summers,
2:05 the Eastern European plane is very cold,
2:08 very windy. So we find that the Baltic
2:10 race possesses a lot of physical
2:11 characteristics that are very common in
2:13 cold adapted populations, short, stocky
2:16 bodies, proportionately smaller limbs,
2:18 and broad short heads with flat faces.
2:20 All of these are adaptations to reduce
2:22 surface area in order to stay warmer in
2:25 colder climates. You see this not just
2:26 in human beings, but also in animals
2:28 that are adapted to colder climates.
2:30 North of both the Nordic and the
2:31 Baltics, all the way at the tippy top of
2:33 Europe in northern Scandinavia, you find
2:35 another very cold adapted race with a
2:38 lot of similar features to the Baltic
2:39 race, which is the lapid race. They look
2:42 somewhat similar to Baltic people. In
2:44 the past, anthropologists thought that
2:45 the Baltic race came from a mixing of
2:47 the lapid race and the Nordic race. But
2:49 nowadays, this seems not to be the case.
2:51 This type is most common among the Sami
2:53 people of northern Scandinavia and
2:55 northern Finland. And like I said, they
2:57 look similar to Baltic people with
2:59 short, stocky bodies, broad flat faces,
3:01 but instead of having blonde hair, they
3:03 more often have dark black hair. Now, if
3:05 you go from the very north of Europe to
3:07 the opposite end to the very south of
3:09 Europe, we find one of the most common
3:10 European phenotypes, my own phenotype,
3:12 the Mediterranean race. This race is
3:15 found all around the Mediterranean from
3:17 southern Europe to North Africa and even
3:19 somewhat into the Middle East and the
3:20 Levant. These people are adapted to the
3:22 warm and sunny Mediterranean coast and
3:25 as such have darker skin and darker
3:27 pigmentation in order to protect
3:28 themselves from the sunlight and they
3:30 also have softer and more gray features
3:32 because they are adapted to a more
3:34 lowintensity low energy agricultural
3:37 lifestyle. In fact, this phenotype was
3:39 the one among the earliest
3:41 agriculturalists that we find in
3:43 prehistoric Palestine, the Nufians. And
3:45 so this phenotype can be said to be the
3:47 one that first created civilization, at
3:49 least in Western Eurasia. Like the
3:51 Nordic race, they also possess longer
3:53 and narrower skulls, but theirs tend to
3:55 be a bit smaller and less robust and
3:58 beefy than Nordic skulls. Now, if we go
4:00 north to the middle of Europe to central
4:02 Europe up in the Alpine Mountains, we
4:04 find of course the Alpine race or the
4:06 alpine phenotype. Like Mediterranean,
4:08 the Alpenids are also adapted to a
4:10 low-intensity farming lifestyle. But
4:12 like the Baltic people, they are also
4:14 adapted to a colder environment. Instead
4:16 of a colder northern environment, it's a
4:17 colder mountain environment. So they
4:19 have the dark hair and softer, more
4:21 grays features of Mediterranean, but
4:22 they also have the broad and short
4:24 skulls and short stocky bodies of the
4:26 Baltic type. And specifically with the
4:28 pigmentation, they tend to have darker
4:29 hair, but lighter skin and eyes. And
4:32 this type can be found throughout the
4:33 highlands of all of central Europe,
4:35 northern Italy, southern Germany, and
4:37 throughout France especially. But
4:38 another type can be found oftentimes
4:40 cohabitating side by side with alpinids
4:42 in the mountains of century Europe and
4:44 especially in Eastern Europe down into
4:46 the Balkans which is the dinaric race.
4:48 The dinaric race is named after the
4:50 dinoric Alps of Croatia. As such like I
4:52 mentioned you can find it most commonly
4:54 in the Balkans especially among people
4:56 like Albanians and Serbs. Like alpinids
4:58 they have short and broad skulls that
4:59 are flatter on the back very much.
5:01 Unlike alpinids, they are tall, lanky,
5:04 and strongbodied with very long and
5:06 straight noses in contrast to an
5:07 alpenids more short and upturned nose.
5:10 They tend to be a bit sworthier, more
5:11 like Mediterranean. And some
5:12 anthropologists in history actually
5:14 believe that the dinar type came about
5:16 as a hybrid between alpanids and
5:18 Mediterranean. They also believe this
5:20 was the case for a similar type that
5:22 serves as the Asian or Middle Eastern
5:24 counterpart to the European dinard,
5:26 which is the Armeninoid type. Most
5:28 common as the name suggests among
5:29 Armenians but also very common among
5:32 Turks, Kurds, Georgians and many people
5:35 throughout the Middle East. These people
5:37 are adapted to settled farming on the
5:39 mountains. So of course like alpine they
5:41 are short, stocky, have short and broad
5:43 skulls but they have the long prominent
5:45 nose of the dinar type as well as
5:47 similar sworthy pigmentation. They also
5:50 tend to be quite hairy. If we keep going
5:52 south from there, down from the
5:54 mountains of Anatolia, the Cauasus down
5:56 into the deserts of Arabia, we find the
5:59 other main type of the Middle East,
6:00 [music] which is the Orientalid type.
6:03 This race of people is very similar to
6:05 Mediterranean, but has stronger desert
6:07 adaptations. Sworthier, darker skin in
6:10 order to better protect them from the
6:11 hot desert sun, tall, thin, lanky
6:14 bodies, and long, narrow skulls in order
6:16 to better offput heat, and long
6:18 prominent noses. Now, if we go down from
6:20 Arabia and cross the Red Sea into East
6:22 Africa, we find a type that is often
6:25 thought of as typically African, but
6:28 it's actually historically, genetically,
6:29 and physically a lot closer to these
6:31 more Caucasian groups from the Middle
6:33 East and Europe. This is, of course, the
6:35 Ethiopia type, most common among
6:37 Ethiopians, Somali, and other peoples of
6:39 the Horn of Africa. However, it can also
6:41 be found all throughout Africa, as this
6:43 seems to be actually a pretty ancient
6:45 type that has left its remnants all
6:47 throughout the African continent. This
6:49 type appeared to have come about from
6:51 cacazoid people. So Eurasian Middle
6:53 Eastern type people who at some point
6:55 during prehistory actually migrated back
6:57 into Africa through the Middle East.
7:00 This would explain why Ethiopians and
7:01 Somali both speak languages within the
7:03 Afroasiatic language family which is the
7:06 same language family that includes the
7:07 Semitic languages of the Arabs and the
7:09 language of the similarly Orientalid or
7:12 Mediterranean ancient Egyptians. In many
7:14 respects, these people look very similar
7:16 to Orientalids. tall, thin, and lanky
7:19 with long and narrow skulls and
7:21 prominent thin noses. But unlike them,
7:23 because they live in a much hotter and
7:25 more humid African climate, they have
7:27 much darker skin, darker curly hair, and
7:30 fuller lips. And these are all
7:31 adaptations that help them to better
7:33 live in such a climate. They share these
7:35 adaptations with most of the people of
7:37 subsaharan Africa. One of the most
7:39 typical African types and the one we
7:41 might think of first when we think of an
7:43 African person or the black race would
7:45 be the banttoype. Most common of course
7:47 among speakers of Bantto languages all
7:49 throughout central, western, eastern and
7:52 southern Africa. More so in the savas
7:54 and plains than in the jungles and
7:56 forests. These people are similarly dark
7:58 with full lips and curly hair. But
8:00 unlike Ethiopians, they are shorter,
8:02 have broader heads, and have more
8:04 bulbous and fleshy features, especially
8:06 much broader noses, which are more
8:08 efficient at breathing in warm tropical
8:10 air. Whereas longer and narrower noses
8:12 are more advantageous in a dry desert
8:15 climate. Now, if you go to the very
8:17 southern tip of the Banttoid range down
8:19 in South Africa proper, you find many
8:22 groups that are a mix between bantoid
8:24 and the two indigenous races of South
8:26 Africa, the Hoy and Sanids.
8:28 Historically, the hoyods and sanids were
8:30 lumped together into one hoisen group.
8:33 But now that term is not used as much
8:36 because it turns out their languages,
8:38 even though they both use click sounds,
8:40 cannot really be proven to be that
8:42 closely related such that they may be
8:44 put into one linguistic family. So
8:46 people don't really say hoyan anymore.
8:47 However, physically and in terms of
8:49 phenotype, the hoy and the sand are
8:51 quite similar. They both have a very
8:53 distinct look because they belong to one
8:55 of the most ancient races in the world.
8:57 It seems like these were the original
8:59 Paleolithic inhabitants of most of
9:01 Africa before the Bantau people being
9:04 agriculturalists started spreading out
9:06 from West Africa and then exterminated
9:08 and replaced all of the indigenous Hoyen
9:10 people from most of central, eastern,
9:12 and southern Africa. While Hoyen people
9:14 do share some climatic adaptations with
9:16 what we typically think of as black
9:18 people, especially the curly hair, they
9:20 have many other distinct features. Their
9:22 skin is not dark brown. It's more of a
9:24 deep yellow. They have thinner lips,
9:27 deep set hooded eyes that look almost
9:29 Asian, and short, skinny bodies, with
9:32 the exception of a lot of their women,
9:33 many of whom have stereotypia, a fancy
9:36 scientific term for junk in the trunk.
9:38 The Dutch were fascinated by this when
9:41 they first found them. And they snatched
9:43 many of these poor Hoisen women up and
9:45 put them on tour throughout Europe. And
9:47 just to differentiate real quick, the
9:48 Hoy are more agriculturalists, farmers,
9:51 cattle herders. The San are classic
9:53 hunter gatherers. Yep. real paleolithic
9:56 hunter gatherers. They're still out
9:57 there in South Africa. But the Hoyen
9:59 were not the only pre-Bantto race that
10:01 was pushed out to the margins and almost
10:03 exterminated by the genocidal bantto
10:05 expansion that started around 2,000
10:07 years ago. Another group was the
10:09 bambooed phenotype, a group that is more
10:11 commonly referred to as African pygmies.
10:14 These people are found deep in the
10:15 jungles of central Africa. And many
10:17 people mistakenly think that these are
10:19 simply bantto type black African people
10:22 who just adapted to jungle life by
10:24 getting shorter and smaller. But this is
10:26 not actually true. Ever since Europeans
10:28 discovered the bambooed pygmy peoples of
10:30 central Africa, they noticed that these
10:32 dimminionive hunter gatherers possessed
10:34 distinct physical differences from the
10:36 neighboring bantto agriculturalists. And
10:38 they theorized that they were a distinct
10:39 paleolithic race that had been pushed
10:42 out and somewhat intermixed with the
10:43 [music] banttos. And now modern genetic
10:45 evidence has borne this out. The last
10:47 marginalized minority race that we find
10:50 in Africa goes a bit north of the bamboo
10:53 tids out of the jungles into the savas,
10:55 swamps and deserts of East Africa.
10:58 Neighboring the Ethiopsids, we find the
11:00 Nilotted race. This is an East African
11:02 race. Typically they are pastoralists
11:04 like the hoisen and the pygmies. They
11:06 have a very ancient haplo group. Hoyen
11:09 and pygmies have ha group A. Notted have
11:11 haplo group B which makes them one of
11:13 the most ancient races out there and
11:15 this is the single most heat adapted
11:18 race of people in the world and you
11:20 would know it by looking at them. They
11:21 are extraordinarily tall. Many of them
11:24 get up to 7 ft or taller. They are all
11:26 thin and lanky so as to increase surface
11:29 area and better offput heat. And in
11:31 order to resist the harsh sunlight, they
11:33 are so dark as to be almost pitch or
11:36 even blue black. Not just brown or dark
11:38 brown like many of the people we call
11:40 black like actually black. A similarly
11:43 heat adapted but less extreme example
11:46 would be the much more common Sudan type
11:48 found all throughout the area south of
11:51 the Sahara Desert in what is known as
11:52 the Sahel which is that savannah belt
11:55 that borders the Sahara Desert to the
11:57 south. This right here is what we
11:59 probably think of when we hear the term
12:02 black person. This is the archetypal
12:04 black or historically negro phenotype.
12:07 Dark brown or even close to black skin,
12:10 long and narrow skulls, tall thin bodies
12:13 with long limbs, curly or even kinky
12:15 hair, full lips, and broad noses. The
12:17 whole package. This is the classic
12:19 African look that is ideal for such a
12:21 savannah environment. The last race of
12:23 Africa is another common one found in
12:25 West and Central Africa, especially in
12:26 the forest and jungles. It's an
12:28 agriculturalist type known as the
12:30 congalid race. This race has many
12:32 varieties. It's similar to the Sudan,
12:34 but less adapted for extreme heat and
12:36 sunlight. As a result, they have
12:37 slightly lighter skin. This is more of a
12:39 light-skinned type. They also tend to be
12:41 less tall and lanky. They can be a bit
12:44 more short and stocky and have softer
12:46 features and broader skulls, somewhat
12:48 converging with bantoids in certain
12:50 areas. Now, although Africa is iconic
12:52 for its pygmy people, they are not the
12:54 only race of dimminionive Paleolithic
12:57 hunter gatherers hiding out in the
12:59 jungles. You can find a very similar
13:01 group if you go deep into the jungles of
13:04 Sri Lanka among the Vetta people who are
13:06 the last remnants of the ancient vetted
13:09 race. This is one of the most ancient
13:11 populations of South Asia and even the
13:14 Middle East and you find intermixed
13:16 remnants of this ancient race all
13:18 throughout India and even in the Middle
13:20 East especially in Yemen and Oman and on
13:23 their border region the green burdened
13:25 Hadramut territory. The pureb blood
13:27 vetteds are short and skinny with
13:29 reddish brown skin and long and narrow
13:31 but low skulls. Oftentimes they even
13:34 look a little Native American which
13:36 really makes you think. Now of course
13:37 the vetted influence pales in comparison
13:40 to the dominant type of India, the Indid
13:42 phenotype which is the most common
13:44 phenotype of northern and central India.
13:47 This race being extremely populous, it's
13:49 the most common type in India which has
13:51 a ton of people in it is highly
13:53 variable. They have differing skull
13:55 shapes, heights, body builds. Punjabis
13:58 are more northended. They're taller,
14:00 have narrower faces, longer noses.
14:01 Whereas Gujaratis are more short and
14:04 stocky. They have broader heads.
14:06 Bengalis have a little bit of East Asian
14:08 mixed in with them. They have narrower
14:09 eyes. But the overarching commonality is
14:12 that they tend to be quite gray, have
14:15 sworthier skin, dark hair, dark eyes,
14:18 look very Mediterranean, but more soft,
14:20 more gray, a little more tropical
14:21 adapted. This type first emerged when
14:23 racially Mediterranean Indo-Uropean
14:25 pastoralists and conquerors moved in
14:27 from Ukraine and Iran and mixed in with
14:30 the indigenous people of India who at
14:32 that time were no longer even vetted
14:33 hunter gatherers but actually the
14:35 agriculturalists of the pre-arran indis
14:38 river valley civilization who most
14:39 likely had the Indoalanid phenotype. We
14:42 know this because the Indomalanid
14:44 phenotype which is the main phenotype of
14:46 southern India is most common among
14:48 speakers of Dravidian languages which is
14:50 most likely the language that the Indis
14:51 River Valley civilization people spoke.
14:53 And if we look in these Dravidian
14:55 languages, a language like Tamil, we
14:56 find that the word for homeland in Tamil
14:58 is Alam. And where do we find Alam on
15:01 the map? Well, we find it over actually
15:03 in western Iran of all places way back
15:06 in the Sumerian days. It was this
15:08 mysterious language isolate that no one
15:10 knows where this culture came from. It
15:12 was most likely South Indians. Either
15:14 south Indians came from there and then
15:15 settled south India or it was a South
15:18 Indian Dravidian even Tamil colony next
15:21 to Sumer kicking off civilization for
15:23 the first time. I have a great respect
15:25 for Tamil, South Indians, Dravidians.
15:27 Indoaned is one of the more powerful
15:29 races out there. Now, if you want to
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16:37 guys. Now, back to the video. Now, I've
16:39 talked about the vetteds before, but
16:40 they may not have been the first
16:42 Paleolithic hunter gatherers to have
16:44 settled south in Southeast Asia. There
16:47 is what may be an even older group known
16:49 as the negreted phenotype. Most typical
16:52 among the Negrto peoples, which yes, it
16:55 is Spanish for little black person, but
16:57 that is actually the scientific term.
16:59 I'm not being racist here. These may be
17:01 among the first people to ever migrate
17:04 out of Africa. And so, while they bear
17:06 physical similarities to African people,
17:08 they are actually the genetically least
17:10 related to African people. They have the
17:13 similar appearance because they live in
17:15 the same climate. They never left a
17:17 warm, hot, tropical environment. So
17:20 there was no reason for their appearance
17:21 to change. Like Africans, they have very
17:23 dark skin, full lips, broad noses, curly
17:26 hair, all of which are of course what
17:28 you look like if you live in a tropical
17:29 jungle for many thousands of years. But
17:31 they are also very short and very thin.
17:34 The North Sentinel Islanders that
17:36 everyone loves are of this type, the
17:38 last stone age tribe. Another offshoot
17:40 of this early out of Africa group that
17:43 we find further to the south and the
17:45 east out of Southeast Asia and into
17:47 Australia is of course the oustrolid
17:50 type. Historically in the old physical
17:52 anthropology resources they listed this
17:54 as one of the main races. It was
17:56 European, Asian, Native American,
17:59 African and Australian. And this is
18:01 because while they of course have the
18:02 same tropical adaptation features that
18:05 Africans do, they have some very
18:07 distinct features as well. Most of the
18:08 African phenotypes I talked about are
18:10 actually quite graysaw because most
18:12 Africans are not actually hunter
18:14 gatherers like people tend to imagine.
18:16 There's this honestly somewhat racist
18:18 view in contemporary America even to
18:20 this day that the natural African
18:22 lifestyle is chucking spears and hunting
18:25 gazels. There are some groups that do
18:26 that. Most Africans actually are
18:28 agriculturalists and have been for a
18:29 long time. And as a result they have a
18:31 more grayile refined softened appearance
18:33 like a lot of the groups from central
18:35 Europe like alpanids or Mediterranean.
18:36 In contrast, the oustrolid type of the
18:39 Aboriginal people of Australia is quite
18:42 robust, bearing a lot of these
18:43 Paleolithic features that otherwise only
18:45 survived in certain Western European
18:47 [music] Nordics. Big brow ridges, deep
18:50 set eyes, strong jaws. You can just look
18:52 at an Australian Aboriginal skull and
18:54 tell that these people are very distinct
18:56 and very different. The last of these
18:58 very ancient out of Africa peoples that
19:00 you find in Southeast Asia are the
19:03 Melanesian or Melanid people of
19:05 Oceanania. These people are commonly
19:07 found in New Guinea and in the islands
19:09 of what is known as Melanesia. So this
19:11 is place like Gabbos, Solomon Islands,
19:14 Fiji to an extent and they have quite a
19:16 diverse appearance. Some are more robust
19:18 like Oustralid. Some are more gray cell
19:20 and refined from an agriculturalist
19:22 lifestyle and quite interestingly some
19:25 actually have blonde hair due to a
19:27 coincidental random genetic mutation. In
19:30 many places, especially in some place
19:32 like Fiji, but also in some of these
19:33 other neighboring islands, Melanesians
19:35 are then mixed with Polynesians who are
19:37 much more recent arrivals to the area.
19:39 The Polynesian phenotype is strongly
19:41 connected with the Aronesian languages.
19:44 And as such, you find this type wherever
19:45 Austronesian and especially Polynesian
19:47 languages are spoken from Madagascar to
19:50 parts of Indonesia and especially in the
19:53 various Polynesian Pacific islands,
19:55 Hawaii, Guam, Samoa, the Marshall
19:57 Islands, Micronia. As I mentioned, these
19:59 are more recent arrivals, probably first
20:01 originating from the island we today
20:03 call Taiwan. And as a result, they share
20:05 the darker yellowish skin, the distinct
20:08 eyefolds, flat faces, broad heads, and
20:11 dark black hair of their ancestral race,
20:13 the South Mongolid race, which is the
20:15 most common race of Southeast Asia.
20:18 These people came north from China. They
20:20 were rice farmers originally and they
20:22 carried down agriculture with them and
20:25 then bred into having very large
20:26 populations, settled into the areas, cut
20:29 down the jungles and then pushed the
20:30 indigenous people of Southeast Asia,
20:32 those being the vetteds, the negritos
20:35 and the orang pendic ape men into the
20:38 forest and jungles to hide. Because it's
20:40 such a widespread phenotype, because
20:42 it's in a high population region,
20:44 Southeast Asia has a lot of people
20:46 because it's very fertile. You can farm
20:48 a lot of rice there, feed a lot of
20:49 people. It's a very common phenotype.
20:51 You find this look combining these
20:52 ancestral Asian features, the slanted
20:55 eyes, dark black hair, yellowish skin
20:58 with the more tropical adaptations of
21:00 fuller lips and broader lower noses all
21:03 throughout Southeast Asia, especially in
21:05 Malaysia, Indonesia, the Philippines,
21:07 Thailand, anywhere [music] around there.
21:09 The influence of this type starts to
21:11 diminish once you get around to Vietnam
21:13 where another type takes over, the
21:15 sinotype, another very common, very
21:17 populous type because it is the main
21:18 phenotype of China as well as Korea and
21:21 Japan. Now, because it's so widespread
21:23 and common, much like the indided type,
21:25 it has a lot of internal variations,
21:27 variable height, head shape, appearance.
21:30 Generally, the heads tend to be broader
21:32 and shorter with a flat back of the
21:34 skull, yellowish skin undertones, as
21:36 well as the distinct iconic Asian eyes,
21:39 the mono lid, and a lot of other various
21:41 genetic adaptations that go along with
21:43 that. Uh, they find it harder to grow
21:44 beards. They get that iconic Asian glow
21:47 when they drink alcohol. And longer
21:49 noses, but you wouldn't tell it because
21:50 they have such flat faces, prominent
21:52 cheekbones, thin lips, and a nose very
21:55 flat against the face. What is with all
21:57 these adaptations, these features? What
21:59 do they have? the flat faces, the
22:00 flattened features, the more hooded
22:02 eyes. Why do many of them, even the
22:04 South Mongols, have these shorter,
22:05 stockier bodies with the proportionally
22:07 shorter limbs? Aren't these cold
22:09 adaptations? Yet, these people live in
22:11 temperate tropical climates. So, what's
22:13 going on here? Well, the reason why all
22:14 of these East Asian or historically
22:17 Mongaloid groups possess all of these
22:18 features that are more typical of cold
22:20 inhabiting populations is because they
22:23 are originally descended from the Tonged
22:25 phenotype which is the most common
22:26 phenotype among Mongolians, Manurians
22:29 and many other Siberian people. It shows
22:31 these stereotypical Asian features the
22:32 most strongly because it is the original
22:34 type and it is evolved for the cold East
22:36 Asian step. That flat Asian [music] face
22:39 with all of the recessed features is
22:41 meant to minimize cold exposure and
22:43 surface area. Now, this type used to be
22:45 more limited to just Northeast Asia, but
22:47 after the Mongol invasions, it spread
22:49 out all throughout Central Europe,
22:51 replacing or at least intermixing with
22:53 what were the original indigenous people
22:55 of Central Asia, the Turinid [music]
22:57 phenotype. These are the premol
22:58 inhabitants historically connected with
23:01 Indeuropean languages, especially
23:02 variants of Persian, which you can still
23:04 find in Tajjikiststan. Nowadays they're
23:06 mostly associated with various Turk
23:08 languages. So this type is still common
23:09 among somewhat Kazaks but especially
23:12 Usuzbcks, Turk men, Kyrgus people. They
23:14 bear some similarities to Armeninoids.
23:17 They have short and broad skulls,
23:18 sworthier complexion, and long curved
23:20 noses, but they tend to have narrower
23:23 [music] faces. But the turn type was
23:24 certainly not the first type to be
23:26 pushed to the margins by an East [music]
23:28 Asian invasion. That award would
23:30 probably go to the Inuid phenotype,
23:32 which is the indigenous phenotype of
23:35 Japan. This type is common, of course,
23:37 among the Anu people of northern Japan,
23:39 who are the last remaining descendants
23:40 of the indigenous Jon people of Japan,
23:43 who were pushed to the margins and
23:45 mostly bred out of existence by the
23:47 arrival of the Sinid Yayoy people who
23:50 came from China, Korea, that area,
23:52 brought rice farming with them,
23:54 overpopulated, you get the picture. This
23:56 is a common theme when you study race
23:57 and phenotypes is that you'll have all
23:59 these various paleolithic huntergatherer
24:01 groups and then one new group will come.
24:04 They'll have agriculture and they will
24:06 push all these people to the margins,
24:07 overwhelm them with their high
24:08 populations and then take over. What's
24:10 interesting about the Inwood people is
24:12 just how distinct they look from their
24:13 sign of neighbors and how primitive,
24:16 robust, paleolithic they look. Very
24:18 hairy with these very big beards, very
24:20 robust. Some people have noticed a
24:22 cockazoid look suggesting that they may
24:24 be more related to Europeans. Other and
24:26 in my opinion smarter people have
24:27 noticed an oustraloid convergence that
24:30 they actually in many cases look like
24:32 paler depigmented Australian aboriges
24:34 which then if you look at the genetics
24:36 and find that Australian aboriginals and
24:38 Melanesians have very high ad mixture
24:40 from the Denisovven human subspecies
24:42 found in Siberia right around where the
24:45 Inouid used to live. Do you start to
24:46 think that maybe there was some ancient
24:49 robust human race that inhabited all of
24:51 East Asia, all the Pacific area that was
24:54 then driven to the margins by these new
24:56 rice farming people. And what may have
24:58 been another last remnant of this or a
25:01 similarly marginalized driven close to
25:03 extinction race would be the sirid type
25:06 of North Asia. This is very common among
25:08 North Asian reindeer pastoralists. In
25:10 [music] the western area of its range,
25:11 it converges with lapid or Baltic. In
25:14 the eastern margins of its range, it
25:16 merges more with the tonged type. But
25:17 this is the most ancient and original
25:20 type of the tundra with dark red skin,
25:23 slanted eyes, and rugged appearance. And
25:25 looking at some of these people, you may
25:26 think, huh, they look a little Native
25:29 Americans. Didn't they come from
25:30 Siberia? And yes, there is a direct
25:32 connection here. It has recently been
25:34 established by linguists that there may
25:36 be a strong connection between existing
25:38 Siberian groups and existing Native
25:40 American groups specifically in the
25:42 Naden Yanisan super family which
25:45 connects the languages of the Yanisan
25:47 people who are very typically Sabirid in
25:50 appearance with the Nad languages of the
25:54 Pacific phenotype of the Pacific
25:56 Northwest of North America. And this
25:58 phenotype bears some resemblance to
25:59 sabirs, but they have more browner skin,
26:01 but they're still very robust and rugged
26:03 in appearance. In fact, so robust,
26:05 rugged, and in many cases hairy that
26:08 some actually connect them with the Inu
26:10 people and suggest maybe they might be
26:11 related to them, too. But of course, a
26:13 much more obvious connection between
26:15 Siberia and North America would be the
26:17 Eskimid phenotype, the most common
26:20 phenotype of the Arctic Circle and the
26:21 counterpart to the Nyloic type in that
26:24 this is the most extremely cold adapted
26:26 phenotype in the world. They have short,
26:28 very stocky bodies with very short
26:29 limbs, extremely flat faces, very strong
26:32 eyefolds to protect their eyes from the
26:34 cold wind, and yellowish brown skin,
26:36 which you actually want to have in these
26:37 Arctic environments where there's no
26:39 trees, there's not much in the way of
26:40 cloud cover because the sun is beaming
26:42 down on you, the snow is reflecting it,
26:44 you'll get a sunburn if you go there as
26:45 a white person. White people are not
26:47 actually made for the Arctic. They're
26:49 not actually made for hyperoreia. They
26:50 are made for the cloudy, dark European
26:53 forests. Now, if we stay along the
26:55 Pacific and we go down to the south,
26:56 more towards the American Southwest and
26:59 Southern California, we find the now
27:01 increasingly rare margid phenotype found
27:04 on the margins of America. This is an
27:06 ancient desert type. It's strongly
27:08 associated with the ancient Aztec
27:10 Empire. They're probably the remnants of
27:12 one of the earliest migrations into
27:13 America, hence the robust appearance.
27:16 You can find them also in a lot of Puma
27:18 Indians and many western Mexicans. So
27:21 think desert Mexicans from Sonora,
27:24 Chihuahua, these areas. They are short
27:26 but robust and rugged with reddish brown
27:28 skin. Now throughout most of Eastern
27:30 North America, you find the type that we
27:33 probably think of when we think of
27:34 Native Americans, at least as Americans
27:36 or Canadians, that being the silver
27:38 phenotype. This is the classic Native
27:41 American look with reddish or yellowish
27:43 skin, long faces, although they tend to
27:45 have shorter skulls with a flat back
27:47 because of that Siberian East Asian
27:49 ancestry and long prominent curved
27:51 noses. Most of these guys got wiped out
27:54 by smallpox and then by the settlers,
27:56 but you can still find some examples of
27:57 this, especially among the Plains
27:59 Indians reservations. However, a Native
28:01 American type that is still doing very
28:03 well for itself and is still quite
28:05 populous even in pure and unmixed form
28:07 is the centralid type of central
28:10 America. This forms almost a counterpart
28:12 to the marget type. The marget type is
28:15 more rare, more common in the deserts of
28:18 northwestern Mexico. The central type is
28:20 much more common, much less robust, much
28:22 more gray, and is the typical type of
28:24 the jungles of southeast Mexico and of
28:27 course the rest of Central America,
28:28 Guatemala, Honduras, whatnot. These
28:30 people are quite short, grays all
28:32 features, short and broad skulls and
28:34 yellowish brown skin. Whereas the margin
28:36 type was more associated with the asex,
28:37 the central type was strongly associated
28:40 with the Mayans and themes. If we keep
28:42 going south from there into South
28:44 America proper, we find in the Amazon
28:46 jungle there as well as throughout
28:48 Colombia and even into the Caribbean the
28:50 Amazonid type, a moderately robust
28:52 brownskin type that is very widespread
28:55 throughout that whole jungle area,
28:57 especially in the Amazon, hence the
28:58 name. Now, if we go west from them, out
29:00 of the jungles up into the Andes
29:01 mountains, we find all throughout them
29:03 the very distinct and differentiated
29:05 andided phenotype, which has a lot of
29:08 unique adaptations for mountain living.
29:10 Specifically, they have long and narrow
29:12 noses so as to warm the cold mountain
29:15 air as it enters their lungs, but also
29:17 disproportionately large chest cavities
29:19 in order to fit giant lungs in order to
29:22 breathe in more air and get more oxygen
29:24 out of it. Because of course as you go
29:25 up into the really high mountains you
29:27 start to get less and less oxygen. If
29:29 you've ever visited Denver you'll know
29:30 what I mean. You get a little
29:32 lightheaded. Now Amazon and andid
29:34 constitute the two primary native
29:36 phenotypes of South America. One for the
29:38 jungles and one for the mountains. But
29:40 if you go further south you find two
29:42 less common minor types there as well.
29:45 One for the mountains steps and coasts
29:46 and the other for the grasslands. The
29:48 mountain steps and coast type is the
29:50 logged type which much like the margins
29:53 may represent a very ancient arrival
29:55 into North America. Maybe one of the
29:57 first people. What most of us learn in
29:59 school is that Native Americans were
30:00 Siberians who crossed the Bearing Land
30:02 Bridge from Siberia to Alaska 10,000
30:05 years ago. But new research suggests
30:07 that people have been in the Americas
30:08 for a lot longer than that. And the
30:10 Lagotype is named after the Lagoa Santa
30:13 specimen. Specifically, the skull known
30:15 as Luzia, which is the skull of a woman
30:17 who does not really look Native
30:18 American, does not really look Siberian.
30:20 She looks more Melanesian or Oustraloid,
30:23 which further plays into my theory that
30:25 maybe there was this ancient oustidoid,
30:28 very robust race all throughout East
30:30 Asia that then maybe could have moved in
30:32 to North America, then down into South
30:34 America, giving us these very robust
30:36 Melanesian looking skulls. And now there
30:39 is even genetic evidence to back this up
30:41 that some of these indigenous people
30:43 down in the very south of Brazil may be
30:45 less related to ancient Siberians and
30:47 more related to ancient Australian
30:49 Aboriginals. And what's really
30:50 interesting is that some of these people
30:53 along the eastern coast of Brazil along
30:55 the Atlantic coast there show ad mixture
30:57 from Polynesians which may suggest that
31:00 the Polynesians didn't just make it to
31:02 Eastern Island. They might have gone all
31:04 around the straits of Mellin way before
31:05 Mellin did. then met up with some
31:08 Brazilian tribesmen and intermixed with
31:09 them. Crazy stuff to think about.
31:11 There's also strong evidence that
31:12 Polynesians introduced the chicken to
31:14 Native Americans long before Columbus
31:16 did. Crazy rabbit hole to go down. Last,
31:18 but certainly not least, we come to our
31:21 final type. A type that has sadly in its
31:23 purest form mostly been driven to
31:25 extinction. The Patagonia type of
31:27 Patagonia and the Pampas. This is
31:29 Paraguay going down through Chile and
31:31 Argentina and the big grasslands there.
31:33 In its pure form, this was the type of
31:35 the legendary Patagonian giants. These
31:38 ancient immense people who brutally
31:41 deathmoged the Europeans. Unfortunately,
31:43 the Europeans brutally killed them. And
31:46 now in their pure giant form, as was
31:49 originally seen in Argentina and Chile,
31:51 they're pretty much all gone, but there
31:52 are some remnants left in other tribes
31:54 in those regions. And with that said,
31:56 there it is. Every major race of human
31:59 explained for you. Hopefully this video
32:01 was helpful and educational and
32:02 hopefully can serve as an important
32:04 starting point in your journey through
32:06 anthropology and specifically physical
32:08 anthropology as you learn to as you come
32:11 to learn to know and appreciate all of
32:13 the wonderful diversity that God has
32:15 given us in the human race. If you want
32:17 to know your race or phenotype for sure
32:19 from an expert, you can get a full
32:20 analysis on my website. Link is in the
32:22 description. This has been Taylor from
32:24 Pers Insights reminding you to always
32:26 judge a book by its cover. Thank you for
32:28 watching.