Architects create the blueprints for the physical structure and space of a building, interior designers imagine how a space will be used and furnished, and contractors bring it all to life. You might think that delineating the roles in the building industry would prevent mix-ups. Not always. Homeowners will sometimes enlist the services of all three roles during a single project. This can get costly quickly.
We are a residential architecture firm based out of the Bay Area, and have seen firsthand how many projects stall because the wrong professional is hired first. This has motivated us to create this post in an attempt to clarify the roles so the right professional can be hired at the right time.
What Does an Architect Do?
Architects create physical structures and how spaces within a building connect and relate to one another. They also interpret local building codes and ordinances to design a structure that is safe and legal. They are the licensed professionals who create drawings that the city reviews to issue a building permit. Because the title is protected in the state of California, an individual must pass a multi-part exam given by the California Architects Board and meet educational and experience requirements.
Because building codes and ordinances can limit design opportunities, particularly for Accessory Dwelling Unit (ADU) house plans and additional dwelling unit plans, an architect can sometimes work alongside the homeowner to see if there are ways to creatively design and use the space to serve the homeowner’s needs. For example, an architect might consider what the local building code allows for an attached garage, a bedroom over the garage, and a loft in a backyard.
When looking for an adu architect san francisco, homeowners should consider an architect who understands local building codes, permitting requirements, and the specific design opportunities available for ADU projects.
What Does an Interior Designer Do?
Most people know what an architect does. If not, think of the bones of a building or a space, and you'll know what an architect does. The interior designer does everything else. Everything you see and touch of a space is the domain of the interior designer. Finishes, details, colors, lighting, and placement of furniture and fixtures all fall within the responsibility of an interior designer. If you hire a good designer, they'll assess how you live as a family, not just how a room looks in a magazine.
California doesn't require licensure to practice interior design; however, the title of "certified interior designer" is regulated. Be sure to research the portfolios of designers you consider hiring and make sure they have the proper references and credentials.
Interior designers usually don't draw structural plans and don't pull permits. It is beneficial to hire a designer for a large remodel, though. The architect will know where to place windows and cabinets if a designer can help illustrate the plan of the space.
What Does a Contractor Do?
A contractor makes the plan a reality. They hire and manage subcontractors, purchase and ship materials, schedule inspections, and generally manage the construction site. California also requires a contractor to hold a state license for most jobs for a small dollar amount and above, and you can look up licenses for free on the CSLB website.
It is good to have a contractor that's truthful about costs and timing. They can also provide realistic analysis about what can be built for your new construction home before it's too late and money is wasted.
Who Should You Hire First?
If your project affects the structure, usually the first person to hire is the architect. The early design decisions are relatively inexpensive to adjust, and the finished plans provide others an opportunity to work from something concrete. A common sequence is:
Architect: studies, designs plans, and obtains permits.
Interior Designer: finishes and fixtures that can still be adjusted.
Contractor: builds based on plans.
All together: architect and designer are available during construction.
For homeowners considering modern adu designs or home remodels and additions, understanding when each professional becomes involved can help keep the project organized and avoid unnecessary costs.
In What Ways Do People Usually Go Wrong?
Usually in 3 ways. People want to save money and skip the architect, resulting in change orders. People hire a contractor prior to the plans being finalized, making bids impossible to compare. Last, people choose finishes after construction has begun, tying up the construction schedule.
This is purely cosmetic. If all you need is new paint, lighting, and furniture, and no walls moving and no permits, then an interior designer could work for you.
Start Your Project the Right Way
These three pros aren’t competing. They're a team, and your project runs smoothest when each does what they are trained to do. Don’t hire anyone before checking their license. Also, make sure they show you completed projects similar to what you want, and get the agreed-to work in writing.
Planning a larger job like building a Bay Area ADU? The Dwelling Lab team can help, from providing you guidance on the feasibility of your project all the way through design and construction. We even know the ins and outs of permitting. Book a consultation and find out what your property can become!